Unless the employer provides the educator with a reasonable assurance of continued employment following a holiday recess a per diem educator is eligible for unemployment insurance

Unless the employer provides the educator with a reasonable assurance of continued employment following a holiday recess a per diem educator is eligible for unemployment insurance

Matter of Papapietro (Commissioner of Labor), 2017 NY Slip Op 08596, Appellate Division, Third Department

The Appellate Division reversed a decision by the Unemployment Insurance Appeal Board that held that a per diem teacher was ineligible to receive unemployment insurance benefits because it found that he had a reasonable assurance of continued employment following a holiday recess.

John Papapietro was a per diem substitute teacher for the Rochester City School District. In the week immediately prior to a holiday recess at the end of December 2015 Papapietro had worked at least three days. However, his application for unemployment insurance benefits due to a "lack of work" related to the recess was denied by the Department of Labor. Although an administrative law judge had reversed the Department's decision, the Unemployment Insurance Appeal Board vacated the Administrative Law Judge's decision, holding, among other things, that Papapietro had received a reasonable assurance of employment after the recess and that, as a result, he was not entitled to the benefits he had applied for.

Papapietro appealed the Board's ruling and the Appellate Division held that the Board's interpretation of Labor Law §590(10) was inconsistent with the plain language of that provision's requiring a reasonable assurance of continued employment from an employer and reversed the Board's decision.

Citing Matter of Scott [Commissioner of Labor], 25 AD3d 939, the court said that "Pursuant to Labor Law §590(10), a claimant who is employed in an instructional capacity by an educational institution is precluded from receiving unemployment insurance benefits during 'any week commencing during an established and customary vacation period or holiday recess, not between such academic terms or years, provided the claimant performed services for such institution immediately before such vacation period or holiday recess and there is a reasonable assurance that the claimant will perform any services ... in the period immediately following such vacation period or holiday recess'" Despite the fact that the Legislature required an assurance in this regard, the court said that the Board had found that none was needed, while, in contrast, it has "long held" that an employer is required to  give an employee reasonable notice regarding his or her employment following a recess or a vacation.

In, the words of the Appellate Division, Third Department it "has repeatedly held that the interpretation of plain language in Labor Law §590(10) is a matter for resolution by the courts, not subject to deference in regard to the Board's interpretation" and has well-established precedent interpreting the identical phrase in Labor Law §590(10), "reasonable assurance," regarding two successive academic years or terms to require "a representation by the employer" as to future employment, which representation "often takes the form of a letter from an employer assuring a per diem substitute teacher of future employment opportunities."

Rochester had not sent any letter to Papapietro nor provided him with any other form of notice that made a representation regarding his continued employment after the recess. 

Finding that the Board's conclusion that the employer need not make any representation or provide any notice to an employee regarding the provision of services immediately following a recess or vacation to be inconsistent with the plain legislative requirement that the employer provide a reasonable assurance regarding such services, the Appellate Division reversed the Board's determination and remitted the matter to the Unemployment Insurance Appeal Board "for further proceedings not inconsistent with this Court's decision."

The decision is posted on the Internet at:

http://www.nycourts.gov/reporter/3dseries/2017/2017_08596.htm

New York State Comptroller Thomas P. DiNapoli issued the following audits and examinations during the week ending December 9, 2017

New York State Comptroller Thomas P. DiNapoli issued the following audits and examinations during the week ending December 9, 2017

Click on text highlighted in color to access the full report

Department of Agriculture and Markets: Oversight of Weights and Measures Program (2016-S-98)

Auditors found systemic issues with the quality of data the department relies on to administer the state’s weights and measures program. Inaccuracies and system deficiencies were found in two critical databases. Such deficiencies diminish the department’s ability to conduct useful analyses and to provide meaningful information to the municipalities. Such information could potentially assist municipalities to focus their limited resources on areas of highest risk to consumers and producers. Site visits to seven municipalities also found most of them did not complete all their mandated annual inspections.

City University of New York (CUNY): Central Office: Controls Over Bank Accounts (2015-S-94)

Auditors found multiple internal control weaknesses related to CUNY’s use of bank accounts. These weaknesses impacted various aspects of the banking process, including: opening and properly authorizing accounts; making deposits to accounts; and ensuring all accounts are used for appropriate business purposes. These weaknesses increased the risk of fraud, waste or abuse from unauthorized bank accounts and expenditures. Auditors also found that as of June 30, 2016, CUNY’s Money Market balances of about $163 million were uninsured and uncollateralized beyond the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) limit of $250,000.

City University of New York: Medgar Evers College (MEC): Controls Over Bank Accounts (Follow-Up) (2017-F-14)

An audit issued in June 2016, found weaknesses in the monitoring of bank accounts, which increase the risk that Medgar Evers College personnel could conduct transactions using unauthorized accounts. In a follow-up, auditors found MEC officials made progress in addressing the issues identified in the initial report. Both of the two prior audit recommendations were partially implemented.

State Education Department (SED): Advanced Therapeutic Concepts Inc., Compliance with the Reimbursable Cost Manual (2016-S-42)

For the three fiscal years ended June 30, 2015, auditors identified $181,938 in reported costs that did not comply with SED requirements and recommended such costs be disallowed. The ineligible costs consisted of $85,104 in personal service costs and $96,834 in other than personal service costs.

State Education Department: Oversight of School Fire Safety Compliance (2017-F-22) (Follow-Up)

An initial audit report, issued in August 2016, concluded that the department did not adequately monitor whether schools are in compliance with all fire safety regulations and accurately report violations. In a follow-up, auditors found SED has made significant progress in correcting the problems identified in the initial report. Of the four prior audit recommendations, two have been implemented and two recommendations have been partially implemented.

Division of State Police: Seized Assets Program (2017-F-21) (Follow-Up)

An initial audit report, which was issued in December 2014, covering the period April 1, 2011 through September 2013, concluded that the division did not properly account for or track seized assets. In a follow-up, auditors found the division has implemented the six recommendations identified in the prior audit report.

A salary reduction upon reassignment to another position in the course of an agency reorganization is not a disciplinary action requiring notice and hearing

A salary reduction upon reassignment to another position in the course of an agency reorganization is not a disciplinary action requiring notice and hearing

Matter of Soriano v Elia, 2017 NY Slip Op 08431, Appellate Division, Third Department

Supreme Court dismissed Charles R. Soriano's CPLR Article 78 petition seeking a review of the Commissioner of Education's dismissing Soriano's challenge to the reduction of his salary and benefits following his reassignment to another position.

Soriano served as the East Hampton Union Free School District's Assistant Superintendent. In 2012 the school board approved a reorganization plan for administrative staff within the school district that resulted in Sorian's being reassigned and appointed to Middle School Principal, a position within his tenure area. This change, however, entailed a reduction in his annual salary from approximately $205,000 to $180,000 in his new position. Although Soriano did not challenge the reassignment, he objected to any reduction in his salary or benefits as a consequence of this reassignment*.

Soriano appealed the school board's action to the Commissioner of Education contending that his annual compensation could not be unilaterally reduced by the school board except as "discipline" pursuant to the procedures set forth in Education Law §3020-a. The Commissioner dismissed the appeal, finding that Soriano "failed to demonstrate that the salary reduction constituted discipline under Education Law §3020-a or that the school board's actions were otherwise arbitrary and capricious.

The Appellate Division rejected Soriano's argument that, as a matter of law, the reduction in his salary resulting from his reassignment to Middle School Principal constituted  "discipline" within the meaning of §3020-a and such discipline could not be imposed without notice and hearing.

Noting that "Discipline" is not defined in the Education Law, the court said it must "construe [this] word of ordinary import with [its] usual and commonly understood meaning" and the term is uniformly defined, both in the legal and ordinary sense, as "punishment."

The Appellate Division concluded that the school board's actions with regard to Soriano's  compensation did not constitute discipline under the statute and the uncontradicted evidence submitted by the school board establishes that his reassignment was part of an overall reorganization of the school district's administrative staff and that his compensation was set after consideration of a number of factors, including the salaries being earned by other middle school principals in the surrounding area, salary reductions for other administrative positions within the school district, recent budgetary cuts and the overall financial constraints of the school district.

As there was no evidence to suggest that the reduction in Soriano's compensation was the product of any dissatisfaction with him or his job performance or was otherwise undertaken as a means of punishment, the Appellate Division held that the Commissioner properly concluded that Soriano was not entitled to the procedures set forth in §3020-a prior to the school board's setting his new compensation. Further, said the court, "Nor can we conclude that [Soriano] had a constitutionally protected property interest in the compensation he received while serving as Assistant Superintendent" while serving in his reassigned position.

The decision is posted on the Internet at:

http://www.nycourts.gov/reporter/3dseries/2017/2017_08431.htm

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* Although both the term reassignment and the term transfer are used to describe this change, the term "reassignment" is more accurate in this instance. A movement of an individual from one position to a second position subject to the jurisdiction of the same appointing authority is typically described as a "reassignment." In contrast, the movement of an employee from one position to a second position under the jurisdiction of a different appointing authority is characterized as a "transfer."

That said, in the opinion of your editor this personnel change was neither a transfer nor a reassignment. Rather it appears to involve the abolishment of the position of Assistant Superintendent by the school board, resulting in Soriano's being laid off and the placement of his name on a preferred list. Soriano was then reinstated to the position of Middle School Principal, an then existing vacancy or a newly established position within his tenure area. Accordingly, his compensation upon such reinstatement should be determined accordingly.

Challenging an arbitration award

Challenging an arbitration award

2017 NY Slip Op 08382, Appellate Division, Second Department

A county employee [Petitioner] was served with disciplinary charges alleging misconduct for accessing unauthorized websites for non-County use and acting in an immoral manner during working hours, including viewing inappropriate material of a sexually explicit nature. Following a disciplinary hearing on these charges, the arbitrator found Petitioner guilty of misconduct and imposed a penalty of termination. Petitioner then initiated a CPLR Article 75 proceeding seeking to vacate the arbitration award.

Supreme Court dismissed the proceeding and confirmed the award. The Appellate Division sustained the lower courts ruling, explaining that judicial review of an arbitrator's award is extremely limited and the party seeking to vacate an arbitration award "bears a heavy burden[,]' and must establish a ground for vacatur by clear and convincing evidence."

Article 75 of the CPLR provides that an arbitration award may be vacated if the court finds that the rights of a party were prejudiced by (1) corruption, fraud, or misconduct in procuring the award; (2) partiality of an arbitrator; (3) the arbitrator exceeded his or her power; or (4) the arbitrator failed to follow the procedures mandated by Article 75.

In addition, in Matter of New York City Tr. Auth. v Transport Workers' Union of Am., Local 100, AFL-CIO, 6 NY3d 332, the Court of Appeals held that an arbitration award may be vacated by the court if it finds that arbitrator's award violates a strong public policy, is irrational or clearly exceeds a specifically enumerated limitation on the arbitrator's power.

Finding that in Petitioner's case the arbitrator's determination was supported by evidence in the record, that nothing in the record indicates that the arbitrator exceeded a specifically enumerated limitation on the arbitrator's powers and that the arbitrator's decision was not irrational, the Appellate Division dismissed Petitioner's challenge to the Supreme Court's decision.

The decision is posted on the Internet at:

http://www.nycourts.gov/reporter/3dseries/2017/2017_08382.htm

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