New York Public Personnel Law

Aug 9, 2023

Judicial review of an administrative decision made without a formal hearing is limited

In a hybrid proceeding pursuant to CPLR Article 78 to review a resolution of the Town Board Supreme Court granted branches of a cross-motion of the Town Board pursuant to CPLR 3211 and 3212 to dismiss certain causes of action in the Plaintiffs' petition and complaint. Plaintiffs appealed the court's decision to the Appellate Division.

The Appellate Division, in a 3 to 2 decision, affirmed the Supreme Court's action and judgment, explaining:

1. In reviewing an administrative determination, this Court must consider only whether the "determination was made in violation of lawful procedure, was affected by an error of law or was arbitrary and capricious or an abuse of discretion;" and

2. In instances where judicial review involves an administrative determination made without a formal hearing, such judicial review is limited to whether the determination was arbitrary and capricious, or without rational basis in the administrative record.*

One of the causes of action alleged that the determination of the Town Board was arbitrary, capricious, or irrational. Here the Appellate Division held that the Town Board had demonstrated that its determination to issue the resolution was rational and not arbitrary or capricious and thus was properly dismissed by Supreme Court.

Addressing the other relevant cause of action involving the Plaintiffs' allegation that the resolution of the Town Board was not supported by substantial evidence, the Appellate Division opined that the substantial evidence standard of review "is inapplicable here as the challenged determinations did not arise from a quasi-judicial hearing required by law," citing CPLR 7803[4] and Matter of 1300 Franklin Ave. Members, LLC v Board of Trustees of Inc. Vil. of Garden City, 62 AD3d at 1007. Accordingly, the Supreme Court also properly dismissed this cause of action which sought to annul the Town Board's determination "for lack of substantial evidence".

* See Matter of Peckham v Calogero, 12 NY3d 424.

Click HERE to access the Appellate Division's decision posted on the Internet.

Aug 8, 2023

Government Technology's "Question of the Day" raises critical issues concerning data security and Artificial Intelligence

A Government Technology [GT] article posted on the Internet on August 7, 2023, asks "How did AI [Artificial Intelligence] bots break Amazon?" Its answer: "By flooding the Kindle store with nonsense books" and then continues:

"Perhaps this is how the robot revolution starts — rather than physically rising up against us, the bots will just overwhelm the Internet with their own content until there’s nothing human left on it. That’s what they did in June in Amazon’s Kindle online bookstore.

"Twitter users reported a barrage of nonsense AI books topping the platform’s Kindle Unlimited young adult romance bestseller list at the end of June. “The AI bots have broken Amazon,” tweeted indie author Caitlyn Lynch. She went on to explain that of the top 100 books on the list, only 19 appeared to be legitimate books written by humans.

"The remaining 81 appear to have been written by AI, with nonsensical titles like Apricot bar code architecture, Ma La Er snorted scornfully, and Department of Vinh Du Stands in Front of His Parents’ Tombstone."

Will records and data accessible via the Internet, government, commercial, personal and otherwise, be compromised should they become the next target of unauthorized AI intrusions?

GT then ponders: "Are You a Real Person? Proving You're Human Online". It notes that "CAPTCHA s have been around for decades, but new AI advances are changing the methods required to prove you are a real person. So where next with human verification — and user frustrations? READ MORE".

GT also noted that "Feds Announce Massive K-12 Cybersecurity Resilience Program", observing that "Cybersecurity is widely regarded as the No. 1 technology issue for schools, so the White House and U.S. Department of Education have unveiled a public information campaign, grants and ed-tech partnerships to tackle it head-on." READ MORE

Attorneys invited to consider a career in public service with the State of New York

The New York State Department of Civil Service invites attorneys to consider a career in public service with the State of New York.

For information describing current employment opportunities click HERE.

Editor in Chief Harvey Randall served as Director of Personnel, State University of New York Central Administration; Director of Research, Governor's Office of Employee Relations; Principal Attorney, Counsel's Office, New York State Department of Civil Service; and Colonel, JAG, Command Headquarters, New York Guard. Consistent with the Declaration of Principles jointly adopted by a Committee of the American Bar Association and a Committee of Publishers and Associations, the material posted to this blog is presented with the understanding that neither the publisher nor NYPPL and, or, its staff and contributors are providing legal advice to the reader and in the event legal or other expert assistance is needed, the reader is urged to seek such advice from a knowledgeable professional.

CAUTION

Subsequent court and administrative rulings, or changes to laws, rules and regulations may have modified or clarified or vacated or reversed the information and, or, decisions summarized in NYPPL. For example, New York State Department of Civil Service's Advisory Memorandum 24-08 reflects changes required as the result of certain amendments to §72 of the New York State Civil Service Law to take effect January 1, 2025 [See Chapter 306 of the Laws of 2024]. Advisory Memorandum 24-08 in PDF format is posted on the Internet at https://www.cs.ny.gov/ssd/pdf/AM24-08Combined.pdf. Accordingly, the information and case summaries should be Shepardized® or otherwise checked to make certain that the most recent information is being considered by the reader.